A zamanin dijital na yau, buƙatun allon nuni mai ƙarfi da babban ƙuduri ya ƙaru sosai.Ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nunin nunin da ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban shine na'urorin allon launi na Thin-Film Transistor (TFT).Wadannan bangarori suna ba da abubuwan gani masu ban sha'awa tare da daidaitattun wakilcin launi, suna mai da su zaɓin da aka fi so don wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar hannu, talabijin, da sauran aikace-aikace masu yawa.A cikin wannan labarin, za mu shiga cikin rarrabuwa da ka'idar aiki na bangarorin allon launi na TFT don samar da cikakkiyar fahimtar ayyukan su.
Za'a iya rarraba bangarori masu launi cikin nau'ikan manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwa guda biyu dangane da fasaha da aka yi amfani da su: IPS na juyawa (IPS) da kuma karkatar da ƙungiyoyi (IPS).Dukansu nau'ikan biyu suna da halaye na musamman kuma suna ba da dalilai daban-daban, suna ba da gudummawa ga bambance-bambancen gaba ɗaya a cikin masana'antar nuni.
An fara da bangarori na IPS, an san su don haɓakar launi mafi girma da kuma faɗin kusurwar kallo.Wannan fasaha tana amfani da tsarin kristal mai ruwa wanda ke ba da damar haske ya wuce ba tare da murdiya ba, yana haifar da ingantattun launuka masu haske.Bangarorin IPS suna ba da daidaiton launi daidai ba tare da la'akari da kusurwar kallo ba, yana mai da su kyakkyawan zaɓi don ƙwararrun masu ɗaukar hoto, masu zanen hoto, da daidaikun mutane waɗanda ke neman ƙwarewar gani mai inganci.
A gefe guda, bangarorin TN sun shahara don lokutan amsawa da sauri da farashi mai araha.Wannan fasaha tana amfani da lu'ulu'u na ruwa waɗanda suke murɗawa lokacin da ba a kunna wutar lantarki ba, suna toshe hasken.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki, lu'ulu'u na ruwa suna kwance, yana barin hasken ya wuce kuma yana samar da launi da ake so.Ana amfani da fale-falen TN a cikin na'urori masu matakin shigarwa kamar yadda suke da tsada kuma suna ba da ingantaccen launi don aikace-aikacen yau da kullun.
Yanzu, bari mu nutse cikin ƙa'idar aiki na bangarorin allon launi na TFT, mai da hankali kan fasahar IPS kamar yadda ta sami shahara sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.A cikin rukunin IPS, akwai yadudduka da yawa da ke da alhakin nuna abubuwan gani daidai da fa'ida.
Layer na hasken baya, wanda aka sanya a bayan panel, yana fitar da farin haske wanda ke wucewa ta hanyar polarizer.Polarizer yana ba da damar haske kawai yana jujjuyawa a cikin wata hanya ta musamman don wucewa ta, yana haifar da hasken polarized madaidaiciya.Wannan hasken da aka yi amfani da shi ya kai ga gilashin gilashin farko, wanda kuma aka sani da launi mai launi, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan launin ja, kore, da shuɗi (RGB).Kowane sub-pixel yayi daidai da ɗayan waɗannan launuka na farko kuma yana ba da damar kawai launi daban-daban don wucewa.
Mai biye da launi mai tace launi shine Layer crystal na ruwa, wanda aka yi sandwiched tsakanin gilashin gilashi biyu.Lu'ulu'u na ruwa a cikin bangarorin IPS suna daidaitawa a kwance a yanayin yanayin su.Gilashin gilashin na biyu, wanda aka sani da jirgin baya na TFT, yana ƙunshe da transistor-fim na sirara waɗanda ke aiki azaman masu sauyawa don kowane pixels.Kowane pixel ya ƙunshi ƙananan pixels waɗanda zasu iya kunna ko kashe dangane da launi da ake so.
Don sarrafa daidaitawar lu'ulu'u na ruwa, ana amfani da filin lantarki akan transistor-fim na bakin ciki.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki, transistor-fim na bakin ciki suna aiki azaman masu sauyawa waɗanda ke ba da damar halin yanzu su gudana, suna daidaita lu'ulu'u na ruwa a tsaye.A cikin wannan yanayin, hasken da aka watsa ta hanyar masu tace launi yana karkatar da digiri 90, yana ba shi damar wucewa ta hanyar gilashin gilashi na biyu.Wannan murɗaɗɗen hasken sai ya kai ga saman polarizer, yana daidaita daidai gwargwado zuwa ƙasa ɗaya, wanda ya haifar da jujjuyawar hasken wuta zuwa matsayinsa na asali.Wannan canji yana ba da damar wucewar haske, samar da launi da ake so.
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman fa'idodin fa'idodin IPS shine ikonsu na samar da daidaitaccen haifuwa mai launi da faɗin kusurwar kallo.Saboda daidaitawar lu'ulu'u na ruwa, bangarorin IPS suna ba da damar haske ya watsa daidai, yana haifar da launuka iri ɗaya a duk nunin.Bugu da ƙari, faɗin kusurwar kallo suna tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da ke gani sun kasance masu gaskiya ga launinsu na asali, ko da idan an duba su ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
A ƙarshe, bangarorin allon launi na TFT, musamman fasahar IPS da TN, sun kawo sauyi ga masana'antar nuni tare da abubuwan gani masu ban sha'awa da aikace-aikace iri-iri.Bangarorin IPS sun yi fice a cikin daidaiton launi da faɗuwar kusurwar kallo, suna sa su dace don aikace-aikacen ƙwararru.Tambayoyi na TN, a gefe guda, suna ba da lokutan amsawa da sauri da ƙimar farashi, biyan bukatun masu amfani da yau da kullun.Ta hanyar fahimtar rarrabuwa da ka'idar aiki na bangarorin allon launi na TFT, za mu iya godiya da rikitattun abubuwan da ke bayan na'urorin da suka zama wani ɓangare na rayuwarmu a cikin wannan zamani na dijital.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-14-2023