Akwai nau'ikan musaya da yawa don nunin allon taɓawa, kuma rarrabuwar tana da kyau sosai.Ya dogara ne akan yanayin tuƙi da yanayin sarrafawa na TFT LCD Screens.A halin yanzu, gabaɗaya akwai hanyoyin haɗin kai da yawa don LCDs masu launi akan wayoyin hannu: MCU interface (wanda kuma aka rubuta a matsayin MPU interface), RGB interface, SPI interface VSYNC interface, MIPI interface, MDI interface, DSI interface, da sauransu. TFT module yana da RGB dubawa.
MCU dubawa da RGB dubawa an fi amfani da su.
MCU dubawa
Domin galibi ana amfani da shi a fannin na'urorin na'ura mai kwakwalwa guda ɗaya, ana kiransa.Daga baya, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin ƙananan wayoyin hannu, kuma babban fasalinsa shine arha.Ma'auni na ƙirar MCU-LCD shine ma'auni na bas 8080 wanda Intel ya tsara, don haka ana amfani da I80 don komawa zuwa allon MCU-LCD a cikin takardu da yawa.
8080 wani nau'i ne na haɗin kai, wanda kuma aka sani da DBI (Data Bus interface) bayanan motar bas, microprocessor MPU interface, MCU interface, da CPU interface, wadanda a zahiri abu ɗaya ne.
Intel ce ta ƙera ƙirar 8080 kuma tana da layi ɗaya, asynchronous, ka'idar sadarwa ta rabi-duplex.Ana amfani da ita don faɗaɗa RAM da ROM na waje, kuma daga baya a yi amfani da shi a kan haɗin LCD.
Akwai 8-bits, 9-bits, 16-bits, 18-bits, da 24-bit don watsa bayanan bit.Wato ɗan faɗin bas ɗin bayanai.
Yawanci ana amfani da su 8-bit, 16-bit, da 24-bit.
Amfanin shine: sarrafawa yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa, ba tare da agogo da siginar aiki tare ba.
Rashin hasara shine: GRAM yana cinyewa, don haka yana da wahala a cimma babban allo (sama da 3.8).
Don LCM tare da MCU dubawa, guntu na ciki ana kiransa direban LCD.Babban aikin shine canza bayanai/umurnin da kwamfutar mai gida ta aika zuwa bayanan RGB na kowane pixel kuma a nuna su akan allon.Wannan tsari baya buƙatar ɗigo, layi, ko agogon firam.
LCM: (LCD Module) shine samfurin nuni na LCD da kuma ƙirar kristal ruwa, wanda ke nufin haɗuwa da na'urorin nunin kristal ruwa, masu haɗawa, da'irori na gefe kamar sarrafawa da tuƙi, allon PCB, fitilolin baya, sassan tsarin, da sauransu.
GRAM: RAM graphics, wato, rajistar hoto, yana adana bayanan hoton da za a nuna a cikin guntu ILI9325 wanda ke tafiyar da nunin TFT-LCD.
Baya ga layin bayanai (a nan akwai bayanan 16-bit a matsayin misali), sauran sune zaɓin guntu, karantawa, rubutawa, da bayanai/umarnin fil huɗu.
A haƙiƙa, ban da waɗannan fil ɗin, akwai ainihin madaidaicin fil RST, wanda galibi ana sake saita shi tare da kafaffen lamba 010.
Tsarin misali na mu'amala shine kamar haka:
Mai yiwuwa ba za a yi amfani da siginonin da ke sama duka a takamaiman aikace-aikacen da'ira ba.Misali, a wasu aikace-aikacen kewayawa, don adana tashoshin jiragen ruwa na IO, Hakanan yana yiwuwa a haɗa guntu zaɓi kai tsaye da sake saita sigina zuwa ƙayyadadden matakin, kuma ba don sarrafa siginar karanta RDX ba.
Ya kamata a lura daga abin da ke sama: ba kawai bayanan bayanai ba, amma kuma ana aika umarni zuwa allon LCD.A kallo na farko, da alama yana buƙatar watsa bayanan launi pixel kawai zuwa allon, kuma ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru galibi suna watsi da buƙatun watsa umarni.
Domin abin da ake kira sadarwa tare da allon LCD a zahiri yana sadarwa tare da guntu mai sarrafa allo na LCD, kuma kwakwalwan kwamfuta na dijital sau da yawa suna da rajista daban-daban (sai dai in guntu mai sauƙin ayyuka kamar jerin 74, 555, da sauransu), akwai. kuma guntu shugabanci.Bukatar aika umarnin daidaitawa.
Wani abin lura shi ne: Chips direbobin LCD masu amfani da 8080 parallel interface suna buƙatar ginanniyar GRAM (Graphics RAM), wanda zai iya adana bayanan akalla guda ɗaya.Wannan shine dalilin da yasa na'urorin allo masu amfani da wannan keɓancewar gabaɗaya suka fi tsada fiye da waɗanda ke amfani da mu'amalar RGB, kuma RAM har yanzu yana tsada.
Gabaɗaya: ƙirar ƙirar 8080 tana watsa umarnin sarrafawa da bayanai ta hanyar bas ɗin layi ɗaya, kuma yana sabunta allon ta sabunta bayanai zuwa GRAM wanda ya zo tare da tsarin LCM ruwa crystal module.
TFT LCD Screens RGB dubawa
TFT LCD Screens RGB interface, wanda kuma aka sani da DPI (Display Pixel Interface), shine madaidaicin dubawa, wanda ke amfani da aiki tare na yau da kullun, agogo, da layin sigina don watsa bayanai, kuma yana buƙatar amfani da bas ɗin SPI ko IIC don watsawa. umarnin sarrafawa.
Har zuwa wani matsayi, babban bambanci tsakaninsa da 8080 dubawa shine cewa layin bayanai da layin sarrafawa na TFT LCD Screens RGB interface sun rabu, yayin da 8080 ke da yawa.
Wani bambanci kuma shi ne, tun da na mu’amalar mu’amala ta RGB interface tana ci gaba da watsa bayanan pixel na dukkan allon, zai iya sabunta bayanan nunin da kansa, don haka ba a buƙatar GRAM, wanda ke rage farashin LCM sosai.Don samfuran LCD masu mu'amala tare da girman iri ɗaya da ƙuduri, allon taɓawa na nunin RGB na babban masana'anta yana da rahusa fiye da ƙirar 8080.
Dalilin da yasa yanayin nunin taɓawa na RGB baya buƙatar tallafin GRAM shine saboda ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo na RGB-LCD tana aiki ne ta hanyar memorin tsarin, don haka girmansa yana iyakance ne kawai da girman ƙwaƙwalwar tsarin, ta yadda RGB- Ana iya yin LCD a cikin girma mafi girma, Kamar yanzu 4.3 "ana iya la'akari da matakin-shigarwa kawai, yayin da 7" da 10" fuska a cikin MID sun fara amfani da su sosai.
Duk da haka, a farkon zane na MCU-LCD, kawai wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cewa ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta ƙananan ƙananan, don haka an gina ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin tsarin LCD.Sa'an nan software na sabunta ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo ta hanyar umarnin nuni na musamman, don haka allon taɓawa na MCU sau da yawa ba za a iya yin girma sosai ba.A lokaci guda, saurin sabunta nuni yana da hankali fiye da na RGB-LCD.Hakanan akwai bambance-bambance a cikin hanyoyin canja wurin bayanai.
Nunin allon taɓawa na RGB yana buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo kawai don tsara bayanai.Bayan fara nunin, LCD-DMA za ta aika da bayanai ta atomatik a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo zuwa LCM ta hanyar haɗin RGB.Amma allon MCU yana buƙatar aika umarnin zane don gyara RAM a cikin MCU (wato, RAM na allon MCU ba za a iya rubuta shi kai tsaye ba).
Gudun nunin nunin allon taɓawa RGB a fili yana da sauri fiye da na MCU, kuma dangane da kunna bidiyo, MCU-LCD shima yana raguwa.
Don LCM na allon taɓawa na RGB interface, fitarwar mai watsa shiri shine bayanan RGB na kowane pixel kai tsaye, ba tare da juyawa ba (sai dai gyaran GAMMA, da sauransu).Don wannan dubawa, ana buƙatar mai sarrafa LCD a cikin mai watsa shiri don samar da bayanan RGB da ma'ana, layi, siginar daidaitawa na firam.
Yawancin manyan allo suna amfani da yanayin RGB, kuma ana rarraba bayanan bit ɗin zuwa 16 ragowa, 18 ragowa, da 24 ragowa.
Haɗin kai gabaɗaya sun haɗa da: VSYNC, HSYNC, DOTCLK, CS, RESET, wasu kuma suna buƙatar RS, sauran kuma layin bayanai ne.
Fasahar musaya ta LCD nuni mai mu'amala shine ainihin siginar TTL daga hangen nesa.
Matsakaicin kayan masarufi na mu'amalar nuni LCD mai kulawa yana a matakin TTL, kuma ƙirar kayan masarufi na nunin LCD ma yana kan matakin TTL.Don haka ana iya haɗa su biyu kai tsaye, wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar hannu, da allunan haɓaka suna haɗa kai tsaye ta wannan hanyar (yawanci ana haɗa su da igiyoyi masu sassauƙa).
Lalacewar matakin TTL shine ba za a iya watsa shi da nisa ba.Idan allon LCD ya yi nisa da mai sarrafa uwa (mita 1 ko fiye), ba za a iya haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa TTL ba, kuma ana buƙatar juyawa.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan musaya guda biyu don launi na TFT LCD:
1. TTL Interface (RGB launi dubawa)
2. LVDS dubawa (kunshin RGB launuka a cikin bambancin siginar watsawa).
Ana amfani da allon kristal mai ruwa TTL don ƙaramin girman TFT fuska a ƙasa da inci 12.1, tare da layukan dubawa da yawa da gajeriyar watsawa;
Ana amfani da mu'amalar wayar ruwa mai kristal LVDS don babban girman TFT fuska sama da inci 8.Ƙwararren yana da nisa mai nisa mai tsawo da ƙananan layuka.
Babban allon yana ɗaukar ƙarin hanyoyin LVDS, kuma fil ɗin sarrafawa sune VSYNC, HSYNC, VDEN, VCLK.S3C2440 yana goyan bayan fil ɗin bayanai har zuwa 24, kuma fil ɗin bayanan sune VD[23-0].
Bayanan hoton da CPU ko katin zane suka aiko shine siginar TTL (0-5V, 0-3.3V, 0-2.5V, ko 0-1.8V), kuma LCD kanta yana karɓar siginar TTL, saboda siginar TTL shine. ana watsa shi a cikin babban sauri da nisa mai nisa Ayyukan lokaci ba shi da kyau, kuma ikon hana tsangwama yana da ƙarancin talauci.Daga baya, an ba da shawarar hanyoyin watsa iri iri, kamar LVDS, TDMS, GVIF, P&D, DVI da DFP.A haƙiƙa, kawai suna ɓoye siginar TTL da CPU ko katin ƙira suka aika cikin sigina daban-daban don watsawa, kuma suna yanke siginar da aka karɓa a gefen LCD don samun siginar TTL.
Amma komai yanayin watsawa aka karɓa, mahimman siginar TTL iri ɗaya ne.
SPI dubawa
Tun da SPI silsilar watsawa ce, bandwidth na watsawa yana iyakance, kuma ana iya amfani dashi don ƙananan fuska, gabaɗaya don allon da ke ƙasa da inci 2, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman ƙirar allo na LCD.Kuma saboda ƴan haɗin gwiwa, sarrafa software ya fi rikitarwa.Don haka amfani da ƙasa.
MIPI dubawa
MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) ƙawance ce ta ARM, Nokia, ST, TI da sauran kamfanoni a cikin 2003. rikitarwa da haɓakar ƙira.Akwai ƙungiyoyin Aiki daban-daban a ƙarƙashin MIPI Alliance, waɗanda ke ayyana jerin ƙa'idodi na cikin gida na wayar hannu, kamar mu'amalar kyamarar CSI, mu'amalar nuni DSI, mitar mitar rediyo DigRF, microphone/speaker interface SLIMbus, da sauransu. shi ne cewa masana'antun wayar hannu za su iya sassauƙa zabar guntu da kayayyaki daban-daban daga kasuwa gwargwadon buƙatun su, yana mai da shi sauri da dacewa don canza ƙira da ayyuka.
Cikakken sunan MIPI interface da aka yi amfani da shi don allon LCD ya kamata ya zama haɗin MIPI-DSI, kuma wasu takardu kawai suna kiransa DSI (Display Serial Interface).
Abubuwan da suka dace da DSI suna goyan bayan manyan hanyoyin aiki guda biyu, ɗayan shine yanayin umarni, ɗayan kuma shine yanayin Bidiyo.
Ana iya gani daga wannan cewa haɗin MIPI-DSI shima yana da umarni da damar sadarwar bayanai a lokaci guda, kuma baya buƙatar musaya kamar SPI don taimakawa watsa umarnin sarrafawa.
MDI interface
MDI (Mobile Display Digital Interface) da Qualcomm ya gabatar a cikin 2004 zai iya inganta amincin wayoyin hannu da rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ta hanyar rage haɗin gwiwa.Dogaro da rabon kasuwar Qualcomm a fagen kwakwalwan wayar hannu, haƙiƙa dangantaka ce mai gasa tare da ƙirar MIPI na sama.
Cibiyar sadarwa ta MDDI ta dogara ne akan fasahar watsa bambancin LVDS kuma tana goyan bayan iyakar watsawa na 3.2Gbps.Ana iya rage layin siginar zuwa 6, wanda har yanzu yana da fa'ida sosai.
Ana iya ganin cewa cibiyar sadarwa ta MDDI har yanzu tana buƙatar amfani da SPI ko IIC don watsa umarnin sarrafawa, kuma tana watsa bayanai da kanta.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-01-2023